Secondary active transport has two subtypes:
Primary active transport uses a transmembrane protein (often called a "pump") that directly binds and hydrolyzes ATP. The energy released from breaking the ATP molecule into ADP + phosphate causes the protein to change its shape, allowing it to bind the target molecule on one side of the membrane and release it on the other side—against its gradient. what are the 2 major types of active transport
A cotransporter protein couples the "downhill" movement of one substance (e.g., Na⁺ flowing into the cell along its gradient) with the "uphill" movement of another substance (e.g., glucose or an amino acid against its gradient). Since the gradient used was generated by primary active transport, the energy is indirect. Secondary active transport has two subtypes: Primary active