| Method | Sources | |--------|---------| | | Publicly accessible pages of representative Galeri Nakal sites (captured via screenshots, respecting robots.txt). | | Technical inspection | Browser‑based network tools, open‑source scanning utilities (e.g., Wappalyzer, BuiltWith). | | Literature review | Peer‑reviewed articles on adult‑content platforms, Indonesian ICT law publications, and ASEAN cyber‑policy documents. | | Legal analysis | Indonesian Law No. 19/2016 on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law), Law No. 13/2006 on Pornography, and relevant case law. | | User‑behavior study | Aggregated traffic data from SimilarWeb and Alexa (publicly available) to infer visitor geography and device mix. |